国际十进分类法(UDC)(4)

519.6 Computational mathematics. Numerical analysis

519.7 Mathematical cybernetics

519.8 Operational research (OR) mathematical theories and methods

519.83 Game theory

519.85 Mathematical programming

52 Astronomy. Astrophysics. Space research. Geodesy

520 Astronomical instruments and techniques

521 Theoretical astronomy. Celestial mechanics

521.9 Astrometry. Spherical astronomy

523 The Solar System

523.3 Earth-Moon system

523.4 Planets and their satellites. Planetology

523.6 Interplanetary medium. Comets. Meteors. Meteorites

523.9 The Sun. Solar physics

524 Stars. Stellar systems. The Universe

524.1 Cosmic rays. Primary cosmic rays

524.3 Stars

524.4 Star clusters. Associations of stars

524.5 Interstellar medium. Galactic nebulae

524.6 The Galaxy (Milky Way)

524.7 Extragalactic systems

524.8 The Universe. Metagalaxy. Cosmology

528 Geodesy. Surveying. Photogrammetry. Remote sensing. Cartography

528.1 Theory of errors and adjustment in geodesy and photogrammetry

528.2 Figure of the Earth. Earth measurement. Mathematical geodesy. Physical geodesy. Astronomical geodesy

528.3 Geodetic surveying

528.4 Field surveying. Land surveying. Cadastral survey. Topography. Engineering survey. Special fields of surveying

528.5 Geodetic instruments and equipment

528.7 Photogrammetry: aerial, terrestrial

528.9 Cartography. Mapping (textual documents)

53 Physics

53.01/.09 Special auxiliaries on theory and nature of physical phenomena, methods of observation, measurements and study

53.01 Theory and nature of phenomena

53.02 General laws of phenomena

53.03 Production and causes of phenomena

53.04 Effects of phenomena

53.05 Observation and recording of phenomena. Visual indication of phenomena

53.06 Application, utilization of phenomena

53.07 Apparatus for production and study of phenomena

53.08 General principles and theory of measurement and the design of measuring apparatus. Measurement methods

53.09 Dependence of phenomena on certain fundamental physical effects

531/534 Mechanics

531 General mechanics. Mechanics of solid and rigid bodies

531-1/-9 Special auxiliary numbers for mechanics

531-1 One-dimensional. Lines

531-2 Two-dimensional. Planes. Surfaces

531-3 Three-dimensional. Bodies. Spaces

531-4 Hyperspace (space of more than three dimensions)

531-9 Non-Euclidean spaces

531.1 Kinematics. Mathematical-mechanical geometry of motion

531.2 Statics. Forces. Equilibrium. Attraction

531.3 Dynamics. Kinetics

531.4 Work. Weight. Mass. Friction. Passive resistance

531.5 Gravity. Gravitation. Pendulums. Ballistics

531.6 Mechanical energy. Conservation of mechanical energy

531.7 Measurement of geometric and mechanical quantities: instruments, methods and

units

531.8 Theory of machines. Technical mechanics in general

532 Fluid mechanics in general. Mechanics of liquids (hydromechanics)

532.1 Hydrostatics in general

532.2 Equilibrium of liquids

532.3 Immersed bodies (submerged bodies). Floating bodies

532.5 Liquid motion. Hydrodynamics

532.6 Surface phenomena. Surface tension. Capillarity

532.7 Kinetic theory of liquids. Osmosis. Solution and solutions

533 Mechanics of gases. Aeromechanics. Plasma physics

533.1 Properties of gases

533.2 Elasticity. Compressibility. Liquefaction. Gas mixing. Gaseous mixtures

533.5 Rarefied gases. Vacuum physics

533.6 Aerodynamics

533.7 Kinetic theory of gases. Continuity of state

533.9 Plasma physics

534 Vibrations. Waves. Acoustics

534.1 Vibration of bodies. Excitation of vibrations. Vibratory formations with distributed

mass and elasticity

534.2 Propagation of vibrations. Processes in the acoustic field

534.3 Musical sounds and perception

534.4 Analysis and synthesis of sounds

534.5 Composition of vibrations

534.6 Acoustic measurements

534.7 Physiological acoustics. Medical acoustics

534.8 Applications of acoustics (theory)

535 Optics

535-1/-7 Special auxiliary numbers for optics

535-1/-3 Radiation according to wavelength. Hertzian waves. Light colours

535-1 Long waves. Infrared

535-2 Visible light. Colours

535-3 Short waves

535-4 Polarized waves

535-5 Natural light

535-6 Partially polarized light

535-7 Totally reflected light

535.1 Theory of light

535.2 Propagation and energetics of radiation. Photometry

535.3 Propagation. Reflection. Refraction. Absorption. Emission

535.4 Interference. Diffraction. Scattering by diffraction

535.5 Polarization. Double refraction. Dispersion in anisotropic bodies

535.6 Colours and their properties. Colour theory

535.8 Applications of optics in general

536 Heat. Thermodynamics. Statistical physics

536.1 General theory of heat

536.2 Heat conduction. Heat transfer

536.3 Effect of bodies on heat radiation

536.4 Effect of heat input and temperature on volume and structure of bodies

536.5 Temperature. Temperature scales. Temperature measurement. Thermometers. Temperature control

536.6 Measurement of heat quantity. Calorimetry

536.7 Thermodynamics. Energetics

537 Electricity. Magnetism. Electromagnetism

537.2 Static electricity. Electrostatics

537.3 Current electricity. Electric current. Electrokinetics

537.5 Electron and ion phenomena

537.6/.8 Magnetism. Electromagnetism

537.6 Magnetism

537.8 Electromagnetism. Electromagnetic field. Electrodynamics

538.9 Condensed matter physics. Solid state physics

539 Physical nature of matter

539.1 Nuclear physics. Atomic physics. Molecular physics

539.2 Properties and structure of molecular systems

539.3 Elasticity. Deformation. Mechanics of elastic solids

539.4 Strength. Resistance to stress

539.5 Properties of materials affecting deformability

539.6 Intermolecular forces

539.8 Other physico-mechanical effects

54 Chemistry. Crystallography. Mineralogy

54-1/-4 Special auxiliary numbers for state of substance, chemicals

54-1 State of substance

54-3 Particular kinds of compound

54-4 Chemicals. Reagents

54.02/.08 Special auxiliary numbers for composition, production, preparation and analysis

54.02 Composition. Structure. Isotopes

54.05 Production. Preparation. Isolation. Purification etc.

54.06 Analysis, investigation and handling in general

54.07 Apparatus and equipment for preparation, investigation and analysis

54.08 Measurement principles, methods, techniques. Instrumentation

542 Practical laboratory chemistry. Preparative and experimental chemistry

542.1 Chemical laboratories

542.2 Laboratory apparatus and instrumentation in general. Laboratory methods in general

542.3 Measurement of weight, mass. Measurement of volume

542.4 Heat and cold application

542.5 Use of flames. Blowlamps

542.6 Working with liquids

542.7 Working with gases

542.8 Physical, physicochemical and electrical operations

542.9 Chemical reactions. Special chemical processes

543 Analytical chemistry

543.2 Chemical methods of analysis

543.3 Water sampling and analysis

543.4 Spectral analysis methods. Optical analysis methods

543.5 Physicochemical methods of analysis (other than optical methods)

543.6 Analysis of different substances. Analytical control in production conditions

543.9 Analysis by biological and biochemical reactions. Biological methods used for analytical purposes

544 Physical chemistry

544.01/.08 Special auxiliaries of chemical substances and systems

544.01 Chemical substances and systems. Origin. Natural state. Phases

544.02 Chemical composition. Structure. Isotopes etc.

544.03 Physical properties and phenomena. Constants. Effects acting on state and

properties of matter

544.07 Instruments and equipment

544.08 Measurements and measuring techniques

544.1 Chemical structure of matter

544.2 Physical chemistry of solids, liquids and gases

544.3 Chemical thermodynamics

544.4 Chemical kinetics. Catalysis

544.5 Chemistry of high energy processes

544.6 Electrochemistry

544.7 Chemistry of surface phenomena and colloids

546 Inorganic chemistry

546.1 Nonmetals and metalloids in general

546.3 Metals in general

547 Organic chemistry

547.1 Classification of organic compounds. Element-organic compounds

548/549 Mineralogical sciences. Crystallography. Mineralogy

548 Crystallography

548.1 Mathematical crystallography. Continuum theory of crystals

548.2 Crystal growths. Crystalline aggregates

548.3 Crystal chemistry

548.4 Irregularities in crystals

548.5 Formation, growth and solution of crystals

548.7 Fine structure of crystals. Discontinuum theory of crystals

549 Mineralogy. Special study of minerals

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