博士研究生英语综合教程答案及参考译文(4)

2. acoustic

3. sensor

4. navigate

VI. Topics for Discussion and Writing

(Omitted)

WRITING ? R HETORIC ? PERSONIFICATION AND EPIGRAM

I. Identify and paraphrase the uses of personification in the following.

1.The stubborn door won‘t open. (the stubborn door)

The door is difficult to open.

2.Justice has long arms. (long arms)

No criminals can escape punishment.

3.The wind whistled through the trees. (whistled)

The wind blew hard through the trees.

4.Walls have long ears. (long ears)

It is very possible to be overheard.

5.Let love, being light, be drowned if she sinks. (drown, sink)

Forget the light love if it disappears.

6.The rain kept tapping on the windowpanes with a million nervous fingers. (tapping; nervous fingers)

It was raining hard.

7.How soon hath Time, the subtle thief of youth, stolen on his wing my three and twentieth year! (thief)

How fast my 23 years flies!

8.I shall never see her more

Where the reeds and rushes quiver,

Shiver, quiver;

Stand beside the sobbing river,

Sobbing, throbbing, in its falling

To the sandy lonesome shore. (quiver, shiver, sobbing, lonesome)

II. Put the following sentences into Chinese.

1.A favorite has no friend.

有亲信的人就没有朋友。

2.They who drink beer will think beer.

日久成习。

3.Few, save the poor, feel for the poor.

只有穷人才会为穷人着想。

4.All great truths begin as blasphemies.

所有真理开始都被看作亵渎之言。

5.Kings are like stars: they rise and set.

帝王就象星辰：他们升起又陨落。

Text 11 NANO TECH—Borrowing From Biology to Power the Petite

I. Vocabulary

1. A

2.D

3. B

4. A

5. D

6. C

7. A

II. Mosaic

1. 字母组合ea, ee, ie 通常发/ i: / 音, 如A, C and D.

2. (Omitted)

3. (Omitted)

4. B

5. B

6. D

III. Translation

A.(Refer to the relevant part of the Chinese translation)

B. One of the key research areas in biological nanotechnology is the development of molecule machines.

The first generation of molecule machines is the organic integration of the biological system and the mechanical system. The second generation should be nano-devices which are assembled directly with atoms and molecules and can perform certain functions. The third generation will make it possible to implant nanocomputers in the human brain. Being directly connected with human body, the devices will be able to interact with man and copy themselves.

IV. Grouping

A．N ano-sized entities:

a molecule-sized snowmobile, or jet ski

B．M olecular motors:

molecular motors, flex muscles, copy DNA, power nanotechnology devices, twirling microscopic plastic beads, burning A TPs to rotate the shaft and move protons

C．T he experiments with the motors:

use the A TPase rotary motor to move man-made objects, array of motors twirling in

endless loops, a nanoscale monorail in which a collection of molecular motors all lined

up on a su rface pass a tiny tube…, ferrying molecular cargo , shuttle microtubules

down the line

1. flex

2. array

3. speck

4. loop

V. Topics for Discussion and Writing

(Omitted)

WRITING ? R HETORIC ? PUN AND EUPHEMISM

I. Explain the uses of pun in the following sentences.

1. A judge can end a sentence with a sentence.

The first sentence means verdict while the second one statement.

2.Sign on a Men‘s gymnasium door: ―We have courses to make grown men young and young men groan.‖

Grown and groan are homophones.

3.They kept their spirits up by pouring spirits down.

The first spirits means mood while the second one alcoholic drinks.

4.A: How do you keep cool at a football game?

B: Sit next to a fan.

The word fan has two meanings: an electric device and an enthusiast.

5.A: What did the pony say when he coughed?

B: ―Excuse me. I‘m just a little hoarse.‖

Hoarse and horse are homophones.

6.A: What country has a good appetite?

B: Hungary.

Hungary and hungry are homophones.

7.A: What letter is an insect?

B: Bee.

Bee and B are homophones.

8.A: Why is the library the tallest building?

B: Because it has the most storeys.

Storeys and stories are homophones.

9.Ben Battle was a soldier bold,

And used to war‘s alarm,

But a cannon ball shot off his legs,

So he laid down his arm.

The word arm has two meanings: part of the body and weapon.

II. Paraphrase the uses of euphemism in the following sentences.

1.She married herself to a meat technologist.

She married herself to a butcher.

2.The patient‘s heart has stopped beating.

The patient has died.

3.The accused is now living at the government‘s expenses.

The accused is now living in prison.

4.More attention must be paid to the underachievers in the class.

More attention must be paid to the poor students in the class.

5.Sorry to say that that is more than I can promise.

Sorry to say that I have to refuse it.

6.Some cosmetic products are harmful to those with skin problems.

Some cosmetic products are harmful to those with skin disease.

7.It was a special hospital where the emotionally disturbed were well treated.

It was a special hospital where the lunatics were well treated.

Text 12 The Third Culture

I. Vocabulary

1. A

2. A

3. B

4. B

5. A

6. D

7. B

8. B

9. B 10. C

II. Definition

1. Paraphernalia

2. Fuziness

3. A paleontologist

4. the skill, knowledge, or opinion of somebody who is an expert

5. any conspicuous feature or characteristic

III. Rhetoric

1. conversation

2. supernova

3. thrust

4. string

5. messianic

6. cranky

7. backseat

IV. Mosaic

1. 非重读音节, 字母a 发/ / 的音, 如A, B and C.

2. (Omitted)

3. (Omitted)

4. A

5. D

6. B

V. Translation

A.(Refer to the relevant part of the Chinese translation)

B. The development of technology has been leading to the continual progress and the development of human

civilization and culture. The most important tool to push forward the development of culture is video communicative technology, especially TV. In developed countries, TV directly influences people‘s concepts, attitudes and behaviors. Owing to the busines smen‘s deliberate design, products in a certain brand name advertised on TV are more appealing to young people than those of the same type made locally. Thanks to the development of information technology and the expansion and extension of communication network., people can freely access the regional networks all over the world so as to obtain the information enriched with cultural trends, concepts and traditions.

VI. Grouping

A.The arts:

painting, national poet laureate, esteemed, hip, cool, express the human condition,

acknowledge the starting point of the human condition, experience, contemplate and abstract a mind, generate beauty

B.The classical science:

near-saintly tolerance for failure, people aiming high, smart students, the most committed and

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