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Review of anionic surfactant for Cleaning
XU Han Ting, WEI Kai
Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
Abstract: Anionic surfatant is variety, widely used in cleaning area, the most widely used several anionic surfactant was summarized and compared. These surfactants including twelve alkyl benzene sulfonic acid ( LAS ), fatty alcohol ether sodium sulfate ( AES ), ethoxylated fatty acid methyl ester sulfonate ( FMES ), secondary alkyl sodium sulfonate ( SAS ), alcohol ether carboxylate ( AEC ), alcohol ether phosphate ( AEP ) .
Key words: anionic surfactant; biodegradation; cleaning; industrial cleaning;
改变捕捞政策影响海鸟生态
现代渔业生产产生大量的废弃物(如鱼身上没被利用的部分等),每年都要扔掉约3×107 t不够大的鱼。这种现象无意中却为某些种类的海鸟提供了食物来源。过去30年间从北海渔业生产部门获得的资料表明,海洋上的主要捕食者大贼鸥是根据渔业生产中扔掉的鱼类的多少来按比例食用这些鱼类的:当扔掉的鱼减少时,大贼鸥会增加对其他海鸟的捕食量。尽管为了海鸟着想而维持目前的丢弃量似乎不合情理,但像最近几乎完全禁止在北海捕捞鳕鱼这样的突然的政策变化,很有可能对一些具有国际意义的海鸟群落构成严重威胁。北海海鸟种群有可能回到其以前的更“自然”的状态,但由于这种突然的政策变化,它们也有可能具有一种完全不同的组成。(肖辉林 摘自Nature, 2010, 427: 727)
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