typical ['tipik?l] a. 典型的dweller ['dwel?(r)] n. 居民Continent ['k?ntin?nt] n. 大陆,洲antelope ['?ntil?up] n. 羚羊prong [pr??] n. 叉状物,耙子,干草耙horn [h?:n] n. 喇叭n.(牛、羊等的)角, 喇叭, 触角
2. 1986年看见哈雷慧星的千百万人当中，有多少人能够长寿到足以目睹它在二十一世纪的回归呢？['heili:]哈雷 comet ['k?mit] n. 慧星century ['sent?uri, -t??ri] n. 世纪
3.Anthropologists have discovered that fear, happiness, sadness, and surprise are universally reflected in facial expressions.
3.人类学家们已经发现，恐惧，快乐，悲伤和惊奇都会行之于色，这在全人类是共通的。
anthropologist [?nθr?'p?l?d?ist] n. 人类学家universally [ju:ni'v?:s?li] ad. 普遍地reflected [ri'flektid] a. 反射的,得自他人的facial ['fei??l] a. 面部的expression [iks'pre??n] n. 表达,表示,表现,表情,措辞,词句
4. Because of its irritating effect on humans, the use of phenol as a general antiseptic has been largely discontinued.
4.由于苯酚对人体带有刺激性作用，它基本上已不再被当作常用的防腐剂了。irritating ['iri,teiti?] a. 刺激的,使愤怒的,气人的 effect [i'fekt] n. 结果,影响,效果phenol[fi：n?l] 苯酚antisepticn. 杀菌剂,防腐剂discontinue ['disk?n'tinju(:)] v. 搁下,中止,停止 5. In group to remain in existence, a profit-making organization must, in the long run, produce something consumers consider useful or desirable.
5.任何盈利组织若要生存，最终都必须生产出消费者可用或需要的产品。existence [ig'zist?ns] n. 存在,生存profit ['pr?fit] n. 利润,赢利,利益organization [,?:g?nai'zei??n] n. 机构,组织consumer [k?n'sju:m?] n. 消费者,用户useful ['ju:sful] a. 有用的desirable [di'zai?r?bl] a. 令人想要的
6. The greater the population there is in a locality, the greater the need there is for water, transportation, and disposal of refuse.
6.一个地方的人口越多，其对水，交通和垃圾处理的需求就会越大。population [,p?pju'lei??n] n. 人口locality [l?u'k?liti] n. 地方,所在,位置transportation [,tr?nsp?:'tei??n] n. 运输,运输系统,运输工具
disposal [dis'p?uz?l] n. 处理,消除,销毁,处置
7. It is more difficult to write simply, directly, and effectively than to employ flowery but vague expressions that only obscure one’s meaning.
directly [di'rektli, dai'rektli] ad. 直接地(立即,完全) effectively [i'fektivli] ad. 有效地employ [im'pl?i] 雇用,使用flowery ['flau?ri] a. 多花的,绚丽的,华丽的vague [veig] a. 模糊的,不明确的,说话含糊不清的obscure [?b'skju?] a. 微暗的,难解的,不著名的 8. With modern offices becoming more mechanized, designers are attempting to personalize them with warmer, less severe interiors. 8.随着现代办公室的日益自动化，设计师们正试图利用较为温暖而不太严肃的内部装饰来使其具有亲切感。mechanized ['mek?naizd] a. 呆板的,机械的designer [di'zain?] n. 设计者attempt [?'tempt] v.&n. 企图,试图vt. 尝试,试图personalize ['p?:s?n?laiz] 个人化severe [si'vi?] a. 剧烈的,严重的,严峻的,严厉的,严格的interior [in'ti?ri?] a. 内部的,内地的,国内的,在内的
9. The difference between libel and slander is that libel is printed while slander is spoken. 9.诽谤和流言的区别在于前者是书面的，而后者是口头的。
libel ['laib?l] n. 以文字损害名誉,诽谤罪,侮辱v. 诽谤,中伤,损害名誉slander ['slɑ:nd?] n. 中伤,毁谤spoken ['sp?uk?n] a. 口头的,口语的
10. The knee is the joints where the thigh bone meets the large bone of the lower leg.
10.膝盖是大腿骨和小腿胫的连接处。knee [ni:] n. 膝,膝盖joint [d??int] a. 联合的,共同的n. 关节,接合处v. 连接,贴合thigh [θai] n. 大腿
11 Acids are chemical compounds that, in water solution, have a sharp taste, a corrosive action on metals, and the ability to turn certain blue vegetable dyes red.
11.酸是一种化合物，它在溶于水时具有强烈的气味和对金属的腐蚀性，并且能够使某些蓝色植物染料变红acid ['?sid] a. 酸的compound ['k?mpaund] n. 混合物,复合字solution [s?'lju:??n] n. 解答,解决办法,溶解,溶液corrosive [k?'r?usiv] a. 腐蚀的,腐蚀性的,蚀坏的metal ['metl] n. 金属,质料vegetable ['ved?it?bl] a. 蔬菜的,植物的dye [dai] n. 染料,染色v. 染,染色 12. Billie Holiday’s reputation as a great jazz-blues singer rests on her ability to give emotional depth to her songs.
12. Billie Holiday’s作为一个爵士布鲁斯乐杰出歌手的名声建立在能够赋予歌曲感情深度的能力。holiday ['h?l?di, 'h?lidei] n. 假期,假日reputation [,repju(:)'tei??n] n. 名誉,名声jazz [d??z] n. 爵士乐
blues [blu:z] n. 勃鲁斯歌曲(一种伤感的黑人民歌) singer ['sind??] n. 歌手emotional [i'm?u??nl] a. 感情的,情绪的depth [depθ] n. 深度
13. Essentially, a theory is an abstract, symbolic representation of what is conceived to be reality. 13.理论在本质上是对认识了的现实的一种抽象和符号化的表达.essentially [i'sen??li] ad. 本质上,本来theory ['θi?ri] n. 理论abstract ['?bstr?kt] n. 摘要a. 抽象的symbolic [sim'b?lik]n. 代号a. 象征的,符号的representation [,reprizen'tei??n] n. 表示法,表现,陈述conceive [k?n'si:v]
v. 构思,以为,怀孕reality [ri(:)'?liti] n. 现实,实际,真实
Long before children are able to speak or understand a language, they communicate through facial expressions and by making noises.
14.儿童在能说或能听懂语言之前，很久就会通过面部表情和靠发出噪声来与人交流了。children ['t?ildr?n] communicate [k?'mju:nikeit] v. 沟通,传达,交流facial ['fei??l] a. 面部的
15. Thanks to modern irrigation, crops now grow abundantly in areas where once nothing but cacti and sagebrush could live.
15.受当代灌溉(技术设施)之赐，农作物在原来只有仙人掌和荞属科植物才能生存的地方旺盛的生长。irrigation [,iri'gei??n] n. 灌溉abundant [?'b?nd?nt] a. 丰富的,充裕的cactin. 仙人掌[kaktai] sagebrush ['seid?br??] n. 山艾树sage [seid?] n. 圣人,哲人a. 贤明的,明智的 16. The development of mechanical timepieces spurred the search for more accurate sundials with which to regulate them.
16.机械计时器的发展促使人们寻求更精确的日晷，以便校准机械计时器。mechanical [mi'k?nikl] a. 机械的,力学的,呆板的
timepiece ['taimpi:s] n. 计时器spur [sp?:] n. 马刺v. 刺激,激励accurate ['?kjurit] a. 准确的,精确的sundial ['s?ndai?l] n. 日规,日昝仪regulate ['regjuleit] v. 有系统的管理,规定,调节
17.Anthropology is a science in that anthropologists use a rigorous set of methods and techniques to document observations that can be checked by others.
17.人类学是一门科学，因为人类学家采用一整套强有力的方法和技术来记录观测结果，而这样记录下来的观测结果是供他人核查的。anthropology [?nθr?'p?l?d?i] n. 人类学
rigorous ['rig?r?s] a. 严厉的,严酷的,严格的method ['meθ?d] n. 方法,办法technique [tek'ni:k] n. 技术document ['d?kjum?nt] n. 文件,公文v. 记载,用文件等证明observation [,?bz?:'vei??n] n. 观察
18. Fungi are important in the process of decay, which returns ingredients to the soil, enhances soil fertility, and decomposes animal debris.
18.真菌在腐化过程中十分重要，而腐化过程将化学物质回馈于土壤，提高其肥力，并分解动物粪便。fungi ['f?nd?ai, 'f??gai] n. 菌类,蘑菇process [pr?'ses] n. 过程v. 加工decay [di'kei] n. 衰退,腐败ingredient [in'gri:di?nt]
n. 成分,因素enhance [in'hɑ:ns] v. 提高,加强,增加fertility [f?:'tiliti] n. 肥沃,丰饶,生产力debris ['debri:, 'deib-] n. 碎片,残骇decomposability [,di:k?mp?us?'biliti] n. 可分解性(分解性能)decompose[,di:k?m'p?uz] v. 分解
19. When it is struck, a tuning fork produces an almost pure tone, retaining its pitch over a long period of time.
19.音叉被敲击时，产生几乎纯质的音调，其音量经久不衰。struck [str?k] strike的过去式(分词) tuning ['tju:ni?] 调整fork [f?:k] n. 叉pure [pju?] a. 纯的,纯洁的,纯理论的,抽象的,完全的tone [t?un] n. 音调,语气,品质v. 调和,以特殊腔调说,配合retain [ri'tein] v. 保持,保留pitch [pit?] n. 程度,投掷,音高v. 投,向前倾跌,扎牢,定调,用沥青覆盖period ['pi?ri?d] n. 学时,课时,一段时间,时期,周期,句点 20. Although pecans are most plentiful in the southeastern part
of the United States,they are found as far north as Ohio and Illinois.
20.虽然美洲山河桃树最集中于美国的东南部但是在北至俄亥俄州及伊利诺州也能看见它们。pecan [pi'k?n] n. 美洲山核桃树plentiful ['plentiful] a. 多的,丰富的
21. Eliminating problems by transferring the blame to others is often called scape-goating.
21.用怪罪别人的办法来解决问题通常被称为寻找替罪羊。eliminate [i'limineit] v. 除去,排除,剔除transferring [tr?ns'f?:ri?] 转移scapegoat ['skeipg?ut] n. 替罪的羔羊,替人顶罪者,替身
22. The chief foods eaten in any country depend largely on what grows best in its climate and soil. 22.一个国家的主要食物是什么，大体取决于什么作物在其天气和土壤条件下生长得最好。 23 Over a very large number of trials, the probability of an event’s occurring is equal to the probability that it will not occur.
23.在大量的实验中，某一事件发生的几率等于它不发生的几率。trial ['trai?l] a. 尝试性的probability [,pr?b?'biliti] n. 可能性,或然率,机率occurring [?'k?:ri?] [美口]事变
24. Most substance contract when they freeze so that the density of a substance’s solid is higher than the density of its liquid. 24.大多数物质遇冷收缩，所以他们的密度在固态时高于液态。
25. The mechanism by which brain cells store memories is not clearly understood. 25.大脑细胞储存记忆的机理并不为人明白。mechanism ['mek?niz?m] n. 机械,机构,结构 机制，原理
26. By the middle of the twentieth century, painters and sculptors in the United States had begun to exert a great worldwide influence over art.
26.到了二十一世纪中叶，美国画家和雕塑家开始在世界范围内对艺术产生重大影响。twentieth ['twentiiθ] n. 二十分之一num.&a. 第二十sculptor ['sk?lpt?(r)] n. 雕刻家exert [ig'z?:t] v. 发挥,运用,施以影响
27. In the eastern part of New Jersey lies the city of Elizabeth, a major shipping and manufacturing center.
27.伊丽莎白市，一个重要的航运和制造业中心，坐落于新泽西州的东部。jersey ['d??:zi] n. 毛线衫,毛织运动衫
28. Elizabeth Blackwell, the first woman medical doctor in the United States, founded the New York Infirmary, an institution that has always had a completely female medical staff.
28. Elizabeth Blackwell，美国第一个女医生，创建了员工一直为女性纽约诊所。medical ['medik?l] a. 医疗的,医学的infirmary [in'f?:m?ri] n. 虚弱,弱点institution [,insti'tju:??n] n. 机构,惯例,创立
29. Alexander Graham Bell once told his family that he would rather be remembered as a teacher of the deaf than as the inventor of the telephone.
29. Alexander Graham Bell曾告诉家人，他更愿意让后人记住他是聋子的老师，而非电话的发明者。graham ['grei?m] a. 用全麦粉做的deaf [def] a. 聋的
30. Because its leaves remain green long after being picked, rosemary became associated with the idea of remembrance.
30.采摘下的迷迭香树叶常绿不衰，因此人们把迷迭香树与怀念联系在一起。associate [?'s?u?ieit] n. 同伴,伙伴v. 联合,联想a. 副的rosemary ['r?uzm?ri] n. 迷迭香remembrance [ri'membr?ns] n. 回想,记忆,纪念品
31. Although apparently rigid, bones exhibit a degree of elasticity that enables the skeleton to withstand considerable impact.
31.骨头看起来是脆硬的，但它也有一定的弹性，使得骨骼能够承受相当的打击。apparently [?'p?r?ntli] a. 显然,似乎rigid ['rid?id] a. 僵硬的,刻板的,严格的exhibit [ig'zibit] n. 展览品,陈列品,展览v. 展现,陈列,展览elasticity [il?s'tisiti] n. 弹力,弹性enable [i'neibl] v. 使...能够withstand [wie'st?nd] v. 抵抗,对抗,经得起impact ['imp?kt] n. 冲击,冲突,影响v. 挤入,撞击,对...发生影响 32.That xenon could not form chemical compounds was once believed by scientists. 32.科学家曾相信：氙气是不能形成化合物的。xenon ['zen?n]
n. Xe,稀有气体元素,符号Xecompound ['k?mpaund] n. 混合物,复合字
33. Research into the dynamics of storms is directed toward improving the ability to predict these events and thus to minimize damage and avoid loss of life.
33.对风暴动力学的研究是为了提高风暴预测从而减少损失，避免人员伤亡。dynamics [dai'n?miks] n. 力学,动力学predict [pri'dikt] v. 预知,预言,预报minimize ['minimaiz] v. 将...减到最少[计算机] 最小化
34.The elimination of inflation would ensure that the amount of money used in repaying a loan would have the same value as the amount of money borrowed. 34. 消除通货膨胀应确保还贷的钱应与所贷款的价值相同。 elimination [i,limi'nei??n] n. 除去,消除inflation [in'flei??n] n. 通货膨胀ensure [in'?u?] v. 确定,保证,担保repay [ri(:)'pei] v. 偿还,报答loan [l?un]
n. 贷款,借出,债权人v. 借,供应货款,借给
35. Futurism, an early twentieth-century movement in art,
rejected all traditions and attempted to glorify contemporary life by emphasizing the machine and motion. 35.未来主义，二十世纪早期的一个艺术思潮。拒绝一切传统，试图通过强调机械和动态来美化生活。futurism ['fju:t??riz(?)m]
n. 未来派reject [ri'd?ekt] n. 被拒之人,不合格品,不及格者v. 拒绝,驳回,丢弃attempt [?'tempt] v.&n. 企图,试图glorify ['gl?:rifai] v. 赞美,美化contemporary [k?n'temp?r?ri] n. 同时代的人emphasize ['emf?saiz] v. 强调,着重motion ['m?u??n] n. 打手势,示意,移动,动作,提议
36. One of the wildest and most inaccessible parts of the United States is the Everglades where wildlife is abundant and largely protected.
36. Everglades是美国境内最为荒凉和人迹罕至的地区之一，此处有大量的野生动植物而且大多受(法律)保护。inaccessible [,in?k'ses?bl] a. 难接近的,难达到的,难达成的everglade ['ev?gleid] n. 湿地,沼泽地abundant [?'b?nd?nt] a. 丰富的,充裕的 37. Lucretia Mott’s influence was so significant that she has been credited by some authorities as the originator of feminism in the United States.
37. Lucretia Mott’s的影响巨大，所以一些权威部门认定她为美国女权运动的创始人。Lucretia [lu:'kri:?j?] n. 罗马传说中的贞妇名,贞节的模范significant [sig'nifik?nt] a. 有意义的,相当数量的,意味深长的,重要的,重大的credit ['kredit] n. 信用,荣誉,贷款,学分authorities [?:'θ?ritiz] n. pl.当局,官方originator [?'rid??neit?(r)] n. 创始人,发起人feminism ['feminiz?m] n. 男女平等主义,女权运动
38. The activities of the international marketing researcher are frequently much broader than those of the domestic marketer.
38.国际市场研究者的活动范围常常较国内市场研究者广阔。
broad [br?:d] a. 宽广的domestic [d?'mestik] a. 国内的,家庭的,驯养的n. 家仆,
39. The continental divide refers to an imaginary line in the North American Rockies that divides the waters flowing into the Atlantic Ocean from those flowing into the Pacific.
39.大陆分水岭是指北美洛矶山脉上的一道想象线，该线把大西洋流域和太平洋流域区分开来。continental [,k?nti'nentl] a. 大陆的refer [ri'f?:] v. 把?提交,谈及,谘询,参考imaginary [i'm?d?in?ri]
a. 想象的,虚构的Rockies ['r?kiz] n. 落基山脉flowing ['fl?ui?] a. 流动的,如流的,平滑的
40. Studies of the gravity field of the Earth indicate that its crust and mantle yield when unusual weight is placed on them.
40.对地球引力的研究表明，在不寻常的负荷之下地壳和地幔会发生位移。gravity ['gr?viti] n. 地心引力,重力,严重,庄重,严肃indicate ['indikeit] v. 显示,象征,指示v.指明,表明crust [kr?st] n. 外壳,坚硬的外壳,面包皮 mantle ['m?ntl] n. 斗篷,覆罩之物,罩子v. 罩住,覆盖,脸红yield [ji:ld] n. 生产量,投资收益v. 生产,屈服,投降
41. The annual worth of Utah’s manufacturing is greater than that of its mining and farming combined.
41.尤它州制造业的年产值大于其工业和农业的总和。 annual ['?nju?l] a. 每年的,年度的n. 年刊,年鉴Utah ['ju:tɑ:] n. 美国犹他州combined [k?m'baind] a. 组合的, 结合的
42. The wallflower is so called because its weak stems often grow on walls and along stony cliffs for support.
42.墙花之所以叫墙花，是因为其脆弱的枝干经常要靠墙壁或顺石崖生长，以便有所依附。stem [stem] n. 茎,干,船首v. 堵住,阻止,起源于stony ['st?uni] a. 石头的(石质的) cliff [klif] n. 悬崖,峭壁
43. It is the interaction between people, rather than the events that occur in their lives, that is the main focus of social psychology.
43.社会心理学的主要焦点是人与人之间的交往，而不是他们各自生活中的事件。interaction [,int?r'?k??n] n. 相互作用,相互影响rather ['rɑ:e?] ad. 宁可,宁愿,有些,相当focus ['f?uk?s] n. 焦点,焦距v. 集中,聚集,使集中psychology [sai'k?l?d?i] n. 心理学
44. No social crusade aroused Elizabeth Williams’ enthusiasm more than the expansion of educational facilities for immigrants to the United States.
44.给美国的新移民增加教育设施比任何社会运动都更多的激发了Elizabeth Williams的热情。crusade [kru:'seid] n. 改革运动,十字军东侵v. 干改革运动,加入十字军Elizabeth [i'liz?b?θ] n. 伊莉莎白Williams ['wilj?mz] 威廉斯expansion [iks'p?n??n] n. 扩大,膨胀educational [,edju(:)'kei??nl] a. 教育的facility [f?'siliti] n. 设施,设备n. 灵巧,容易,熟练immigrant ['imigr?nt] a. 移民的
45. Quails typically have short rounded wings that enable them to spring into full flight instantly when disturbed in their hiding places.典型的鹌鹑都长有短而圆的翅膀，凭此他们可以在受惊时一跃而起，飞离它们的躲藏地。quail [kweil] n. 鹌鹑typically ['tipik?li] ad. 代表性地, 作为特色地wing [wi?] n. 翅膀,翼round [raund] n. 圆,范围,巡回a. 圆的,肥胖的,完全的v. 弄圆,绕行,使...完全instantly ['inst?ntli] ad. 立即地,即刻地disturbed [dis't?:bd] a. 扰乱的,妨碍
46. According to anthropologists, the earliest ancestors of humans that stood upright resembled chimpanzees facially, with sloping foreheads and protruding brows.
46.根据人类学家的说法，直立行走的人的鼻祖面部轮廓与黑猩猩相似，额头后倾，眉毛突出。ancestor ['?ns?st?] n. 祖宗,祖先upright ['?p'rait] a. 正直的,诚实的,合乎正道的chimpanzee ['t?imp?n'zi:] n. 黑猩猩sloping ['sl??pi?] a. 倾斜的forehead ['f?rid, 'f?:hed] n. 额,前额protrude [pr?'tru:d] 伸出,突出
47. Not until 1866 was the fully successful transatlantic cable finally laid.
47.直到1866年第一条横跨大西洋的电缆才完全成功的架通。transatlantic ['tr?nz?t'l?ntik] a. 横渡大西洋的,大西洋那边的,美国的 48. In his writing, John Crowe Ransom describes what he considers the spiritual barrenness of society brought about by science and technology.
48. John Crowe Ransom在他的著作中描述了他认为是由科学技术给社会带来的精神贫困。ransom ['r?ns?m] n. 赎金,赎身,赎回spiritual ['spiritju?l] a. 精神的,心灵的barrenness ['b?r?nnis] n. 不毛,不妊,无趣味
49. Children with parents whose guidance is firm, consistent, and rational are inclined to possess high levels of self-confidence.
49.父母的教导如果坚定，始终如一和理性，孩子就有可能充满自信。guidance ['gaid?ns] n. 引导,指导consistent [k?n'sist?nt] a. 始终如一的,一致的,坚持的rational ['r???nl] a. 合理的,理性的n. 有理数inclined [in'klaind] a. 倾向于...的possess [p?'zes] v. 持有,克制,为...著迷
50. The ancient Hopewell people of North America probably cultivated corn and other crops, but hunting and gathering were still of critical importance in their economy.
50.北美远古的Hopewell人很可能种植了玉米和其他农作物，但打猎和采集对他们的经济贸易仍是至关重要的。cultivated ['k?ltiveitid] a. 耕耘的,栽植的,有教养的v. 种植,耕耘gathering ['g?e?ri?] n. 集会,聚集critical ['kritik?l] a. 批评的,决定性的,危险的,挑剔的，临界的
51. Using many symbols makes it possible to put a large amount of information on a single map. 51.使用多种多样的符号可以在一张地图里放进大量的信息symbol ['simb?l] n. 符号,标志,象征
52.Anarchism is a term describing a cluster of doctrines and attitudes whose principal uniting feature is the belief that government is both harmful and unnecessary.
52.无政府主义这个词描述的是一堆理论和态度，它们的主要共同点在于相信政府是有害的，没有必要的。Anarchism【an? kizm】n. 无政府主义learndescribable [dis'kraib?bl] a. 可记述的,可描写的人cluster ['kl?st?] n. 串,丛,群v. 聚合,成串,丛生,使...聚集doctrine ['d?ktrin] n. 教义,主义,学说principal ['prins?p(?)l, -sip-] a. 主要的n. 负责人,校长,资本feature ['fi:t??] n. 特征,容貌belief [bi'li:f] n. 相信,信念,信仰
53. Probably no man had more effect on the daily lives of most people in the Untied States than did Henry Ford a pioneer in automobile production.
53.恐怕没有谁对大多数美国人的日常生活影响能超过汽车生产的先驱亨利.福特。daily ['deili] a. 每日的pioneer [,pai?'ni?] n. 先锋,拓荒者,开劈者automobile ['?:t?m?bi:l] n. 汽车product ['pr?d?kt] n. 产品,成果,乘积
54. The use of well-chosen nonsense words makes possible the testing of many basic hypotheses in the field of language learning.
54.使用精心挑选的无意义词汇，可以检验语言学科里许多基本的假定。well-chosen ['wel't???zLn] a. 精心挑选的 nonsense ['n?ns?ns] n. 无意义的事,荒谬的言行,荒唐hypotheses臆测假定
55. The history of painting is a fascinating chain of events that probably began with the very first pictures ever made.
55.优化历史是由一连串的迷人事件组成，其源头大概可以上溯到最早的图画。fascinating ['f?sineiti?] a. 迷人的probably ['pr?b?b(?)li] ad. 大概,或许
56. Perfectly matched pearls, strung into a necklace, bring a far higher price than the same pearls told individually.
56.相互般配的珍珠，串成一条项链，就能卖到比单独售出好得多的价钱。match [m?t?] n. 比赛,火柴,对手v. 使...相配,与...竞争,相配pearl [p?:l] n. 珍珠strung [str??] vbl. 捆扎,系上,收紧necklace ['neklis] n. 项链individually [indi'vidj??li] ad. 个别地
57. During the eighteenth century, Little Turtle was chief of the Miami tribe whose territory became what is now Indiana and Ohio. 57.十八世纪时，“小乌龟”是迈阿密部落的酋长，该部落的地盘就是今天的印第安那州和俄亥俄州。turtle ['t?:tl] n. 海龟Miami [mai'?mi] n. 迈阿密tribe [traib] territory ['terit?ri] n. 领土,版图,领域,范围n. 部落indiana ['indi '?n?] n. 印第安纳(州) Ohio [?u'hai?u] n. 俄亥俄州
58. Among almost seven hundred species of bamboo, some are fully grown at less than a foot high, while others can grow three feet in twenty-four hours.
58.在竹子的近七百个品种中，有的全长成还不到一英尺，有的却能在二十四小时内长出三英尺。species ['spi:?iz] n. 物种,种类
59. Before staring on a sea voyage, prudent navigators learn the sea charts, study the sailing directions, and memorize lighthouse locations to prepare themselves for any conditions they might encounter. 59.谨慎的航海员在出航前，会研究航向，记录的灯塔的位置，以便对各种可能出现的情况做到有备无患。staring ['st??ri?] a. 凝视的,瞪著眼的,显眼的prudent ['pru:d?nt] a. 谨慎的navigator ['n?vigeit?] n. 航海家chart [t?ɑ:t] n. 图表v. 制成图表direction [di'rek??n, dai'rek??n] n. 方向,指导,用法说明prepare [pri'p??] v. 准备,预备 encounter [in'kaunt?] n. 意外的相见,遭遇
60. Of all the economically important plants, palms have been the least studied.
60.在所有的经济作物中，棕榈树得到的研究最少economically [i:k?'n?mik?li] ad. 经济地palm [pɑ:m] n. 手掌n. 棕榈树
61. Buyers and sellers should be aware of new developments in technology can and does affect marketing activities.
61.购买者和销售者都应该留意技术的新发展，原因很简单，因为技术能够并且已经影响着营销活动。aware [?'we?] a. 知道的,意识到的affect [?'fekt] v. 影响,作用,感动
62. The application of electronic controls made possible by the microprocessor and computer storage have multiplied the uses of the modern typewriter.
62.电脑储存和由于电子微处理机得以实现的电控运用成倍的增加了现代打字机的功能electronic [ilek'tr?nik] a. 电子的n. [-s]电子学,电子设备microprocessor [maikr??'pr??ses?(r)] n.微处理器storage ['st?rid?] n. 储存体,储藏,仓库multiple ['m?ltipl] a. 多样的,多重的n. 倍数
typewriter ['taiprait?] n. 打字机
63. The human skeleton consists of more than two hundred bones bound together by tough and relatively inelastic connective tissues called ligaments.
63.人类骨骼有二百多块骨头组成，住些骨头石油坚韧而相对缺乏弹性的，被称为韧带的结蒂组连在一起。relatively ['rel?tivli] ad. 比较地,相对地consist [k?n'sist] v. 组成,存在,一致【inilastik】无弹性的connective [k?'n?ktiv] a. 连接著,连接的tissue ['tisju:] n. (动、植物的)组织,薄的纱织品ligament ['lig?m?nt] n. 结带,纽带,韧带
64. The pigmentation of a pearl is influenced by the type of oyster in which it develops and by the depth, temperature, and the salt content of the water in which the oyster lives.
64.珍珠的色泽受到作为其母体牡蛎种类及牡蛎生活水域的深度，温度和含盐度的制约。pigmentation [,pigm?n'tei??n] n. 染色,著色,色素之形成influence ['influ?ns] v. 影响,感化oyster ['?ist?] n. 牡蛎content [k?n'tent] n. 内容,目录,含量a. 满足的,满意的,意义的 65. Although mockingbirds superbly mimic the songs and calls of many birds, they can nonetheless be quickly identified as mockingbirds by certain aural clues.
65.尽管模仿鸟学很多种鸟的鸣叫声惟妙惟肖，但人类还是能够依其声音上的线索很快识别它们。mockingbird ['m?ki?b?:d] n. 模仿鸟superb [sju:'p?:b] a. 极好的mimic ['mimik]
a. 模仿的,假的nonetheless [,n?ne?'les] ad. 尽管如此(仍然)aural 【o：r?l】听觉的clue [klu:] n. 线索
66. Not only can walking fish live out of water, but they can also travel short distances over land. 66.鲇鱼不仅可以离开水存活，还可以在岸上短距离移动travel ['tr?vl] v.&n.旅行,传播
67. Scientists do not know why dinosaurs became extinct, but some theories postulate that changers in geog
raphy, climate,and sea levels were responsible.
67.科学家不知道恐龙为何绝种了，但是一些理论推断是地理，气候和海平面的变化造成的dinosaur ['dain?s?:] n. 恐龙extinct [iks'ti?kt] a. 灭绝的,熄灭的theory ['θi?ri] n. 理论postulate ['p?stjuleit] n. 假定,基本条件responsible [ris'p?ns?bl] a. 有责任的,负责的,责任重大的,应负责的
68. The science of horticulture, in which the primary concerns are maximum yield and superior quality, utilizes information derived from other sciences.
68.主要目的在于丰富和优质的农艺学利用了其他科学的知识。horticulture ['h?:tik?lt??] n. 园艺学primary ['praim?ri] n. 最主要者 a. 主要的,初期的,根本的concern [k?n's?:n] n. 关心,关系, 关切的事,忧虑maximum ['m?ksim?m] n. 极点,最大量,极大yield [ji:ld] n. 生产量,投资收益v. 生产,屈服,投降superior [sju:'pi?ri?] n. 长者,高手a. 上好的,出众的,高傲的 derive [di'raiv] v. 得自,起源,引申于
69. Snow aids farmers by keeping heart in the lower ground levels, thereby因此 saving the seeds from freezing.
69.雪对农民是一种帮助，因为它保持地层土壤的温度，使种子不致冻死。aid [eid] n. 帮助,有帮助的事物v. 援助,帮助
AIDS [eidz] abbr. 爱滋病, 获得性免疫功能丧失综合症(Acquired Immure Deficiency Syndrome) immure [i'mju?] v. 监禁,禁闭deficiency [di'fi??nsi] n. 缺乏,不足
syndrome ['sindr?um] n. 综合症
70. Even though the precise qualities of hero in literary words may vary over time, the basic exemplary function of the hero seems to remain constant.
70.历代文学作品中的英雄本色虽各有千秋，但其昭世功力却是恒古不变的。precise [pri'sais] a. 精确的,准确的literary ['lit?r?ri] a. 文学的vary ['v??ri] v. 变化,改变,不同,违反exemplary [ig'zempl?ri] a. 可仿效的,可做模范的function ['f??k??n] n. 功能,函数,重大聚会vi. 运行,起作用 constant ['k?nst?nt] a. 经常的,不变的n. 常数,恒量
71. People in prehistoric times created paints by grinding materials such as plants and clay into power and then adding water.
71.史前的人们制造颜料是将植物和泥土等原料磨成粉末，然后加水。prehistoric ['pri:his't?rik] a. 史前的grinding ['graindi?] a. 磨的,碾的,磨擦的clay [klei] n. 粘土,泥土
72. Often very annoying weeds, goldenrods crowd out less hardy plants and act as hosts to many insect pests.害虫
72.***花通常令人生厌，它挤走不那么顽强的植物，并找来很多害虫。annoyinga. 恼人的,讨厌的goldenrodn. 秋麒麟草属植物rod [r?d] n. 杆,棒crowd [kraud] n. 群众,一伙v. 拥挤,挤满,挤进
host [h?ust] n. 主机,主人,主持人,东道主.v.主持,做东.
73. Starting around 7000 B.C., and for the next four thousand years, much of the Northern Hemisphere experienced temperatures warmer than at present.
73.大约从公元前七千年开始，在四千年当中，北半球的温度比现在高。Northern ['n?:e?n] a. 北部的,北方的hemisphere ['hemisfi?] n. 半球
74. When Henry Ford first sought financial backing for making cars, the very notion of farmers and clerks owning automobiles was considered ridiculous.
74.当亨利.福特最初制造汽车为寻求资金支持时，农民和一般职员也能拥有汽车的想法被认为是可笑的。financial [fai'n?n??l, ,fi-] a. 金融的,财政的notion ['n?u??n] n. 观念,想法,主张clerk [klɑ:k; kl?:k] n. 职员,办事员own [?un] a. 自己的pron. 特有的ridiculous [ri'dikjul?s] a. 荒谬的,可笑的automobile ['?:t?m?bi:l] n. 汽车
75Though once quite large, the population of the bald eagle across North America has drastically declined in the past forty years. 75.北美秃头鹰的数量一度很多，但在近四十年中全北美的秃头鹰数量急剧下降。bald [b?:ld] a. 秃头的drasticallyad. 激烈地,彻底地decline [di'klain] n. 衰微,跌落v. 降低,婉谢
76. The beaver chews down trees to get food and material with which to build its home. 76.水獭啃倒树木，以便取食物并获得造窝的材料。beaver ['bi:v?] n. 海狸chew [t?u:] v. 咀嚼,嚼碎,细想
77. Poodles were once used as retrievers in duck hunting, but the American Kennel Club does not consider them sporting dogs because they are now primarily kept as pets.宠物
77.长卷毛狗曾被用作猎鸭时叼回猎物的猎犬，但是美国Kennel Club却不承认它们为猎犬，因为它们现在大多数作为宠物饲养。retriever [ri'tri:v?] n. 取回的人,能把猎物找回来的猎狗的一种
kennel ['kenl] n. 狗舍,狗屋,沟primarily ['praim?rili] ad. 首先,主要地 78. As a result of what is now know in physics and chemistry, ， scientists have been able to make important discoveries in biolog and medicine.
78.物理学和化学的一个成果是使得科学家们能在生物学和医学上获得重大发现。biological [,bai?'l?d?ik?l] a. 生物学的 79. The practice of making excellent films based on rather
obscure novels has been going on so long in the United States as to constitute a tradition.
79.根据默默无闻的小说制作优秀影片在美国由来已久，已经成为传统。obscure [?b'skju?] a. 微暗的,难解的,不著名的v. 使...阴暗,隐藏,使...含糊novel ['n?v?l] a. 新奇的n. 小说constitute ['k?nstitju:t] v. 构成,组成,任命tradition [tr?'di??n] n. 传统,惯例
80. Since the consumer considers the best fruit to be that which is the most attractive, the grower must provide products that satisfy the discerning eye.
80.因为顾客认为最好的水果应该看起来也是最漂亮的，所以种植者必须提供能满足挑剔眼光的产品。consumer [k?n'sju:m?] n. 消费者,用户fruit [fru:t] n. 水果attractive [?'tr?ktiv] a. 有吸引力的,引起注意的 discerning [di's?:ni?] a. 有见识的v. 鉴别(看出,领悟) provide [pr?'vaid] vi. 供给,提供product ['pr?d?kt] n. 产品,成果,乘积 81 Television the most pervasive and persuasive of modern technologies, marked by rapid change and growth, is moving into a new era, an era of extraordinary sophistication and versatility, which promises to reshape our lives and our world.
81.电视，这项从迅速变化和成长为标志的最普及和最有影响力的现代技术，正在步入一个新时代，一个极为成熟和多样化的时代，这将重塑我们的生活和世界。pervasive [p?:'veisiv] a. 普遍的,蔓延的,渗透的technology [tek'n?l?d?i] n. 技术,工艺era ['i?r?] n. 纪元,时代,年代extraordinary [iks'tr?:dnri, iks'tr?:din?ri] a. 非常的,特别的sophistication [s?,fisti'kei??n] n. 诡辩,强词夺理,混合versatility [,v?:s?'til?ti] n. 多才多艺,用途广泛,万能promise ['pr?mis] n. 诺言,约定,希望v. 允诺,约定,预示reshape ['ri:'?eip] v.改造,使成新的形状,打开新局面
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