大学英语四级期末考试试卷（选修课） (2)

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20.Most of the criticism directed at me is the result of the stand that I have taken in the past.

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得分 Part III Banked Close of Reading in Depth(本大题共 10 小题，每小题1分，共10分)

Directions：Fill in the blanks in the following passage by selecting suitable words from the Word Bank. You may not use any of the words more than once.注意：此部分试题请在答题纸上作答。 A)remedy B)heal C)store D)process E))confess F)acknowledge G)moderate H)modest I)advisablJ)absorbed e K)endurance L)persistence M)number N)allowanO)supplements ce Women who exercises regularly need to be careful with what they eat. Researchers have found evidence that even __1___ exercise can result in losing iron. They said that women exercise regularly, especially in ___2___ activities, typically lose iron. In order to prevent this from becoming a problem, it is important that those women consume more meat or take ___3___ to replace the iron lost. Those who do not bother to get plentiful amounts of iron may begin to feel weak and tired. “If you can get the recommended daily ____4___ of iron in your diet, you will probably perform better,” said one diet specialist. “One shortcoming of taking iron pills is that the pill form is not well ___5____ and can sometimes make you sick. It is preferable that you try to ___6___ the deficiency by getting more iron-rich meats in your diet. There are ways to help your body ____7___ away the iron it takes in. By getting plent By getting plenty of Vitamin C, your body is able to ____8___ ，or use the iron better. Researchers ___9____ that everyone’s body is different and the problem wil be less serious for some. Because it is impossible to decide whether or not this could be a problem for you, health specialists say it is ___10___ to check your iron levels. Even when you can’t feel it, you may still have a problem.

得分

6

Part IV Cloze (本大题共 20 小题，每小题 1分，共 20 分）

Directions: Read the following passage carefully and choose the word or phrase to fill in each blank . 注意：此部分试题请在答题纸上作答。

Jim Fixx had been a heavy smoker and weighed 214 pounds when he __1___ running in 1960s. He soon ____2___ the benefits from running. His weight decreased ____3____ 60 pounds by the time his book, The Complete Book of Running, was published. His book ___4____ millions of people. In his book and on television talk shows, he extolled the benefits of physical exercises and how it ___5___ increased the average people’s life expectancy. His readers and audience became more health-conscious However, ___6___ their shock, Fixx died at the age of 52 after his daily run. Many who opposed his beliefs said this was ___7___ that running was harmful. However, his supporters ____8_____ that the real cause of Fixx’s death was a heart attack. He came from a family where men had poor health stories. His father ___9__ a heart attack at the age of 35 and died of one at 42. ____10____ Fixx’s unhealthy lifestyle until he took up running, many argued that running added many years to his life.

“Running does have its shortcomings,” ____11____ heart specialists Paul Thomas, in a recent medical journal. “The ___12___ can be hard on your knees. Runners are mora at risk during their training, ___13____ if they run marathons. ___14_____ , the news for runners isn’t all bad. Evidence suggests in spite of its shortcomings, ___15_____ amount of running exercise can actually ____16____ a longer, improved life.”

Dr. Dale Macdonald, a certified Strength and Conditioning specialist once ___17_____ a discussion by saying, “___18___ all athletic endeavors, running comes with both great __19____ and inherent risk. More than 60% of runners will suffer an injury that causes them to take time off running—each year!”He also said that improving one’s balance can reduce the __20____ of injury.

1.A.took down B.took in C.took on D.took up 2.A.praised B.favored C.reaped D.applied 3.A.at B.in C.by D.for 4.A.inspired B.disappointed C.awarded D.rewarded 5.A.compatibly B.advisably C.agreeably D.considerably 6.A.to B.for C.by D.with 7.A.endurance B.evidence C.supplement D.allowance 8.A.rewrote B.revised C.reversed D.revealed 9.A.obtained B.sustained C.suffered D.surpassed 10.A.Despite B.Given C.For D.Because of 11.A.acknowledges B.pledges C.communicates D.apologizes 12.A.consequence B.impact C.weight D.press 13.A.explicitly B.singularly C.commonly D.particularly 14.A.However B.Furthermore C.Moreover D.Also 15.A.extreme B.modest C.extensive D.moderate 16.A.result in B.keep to C.hold on D.come about

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17.A.took up 18.A.As for 19.A.remedy 20.A.likelihood B.held up B.As to B.outcome B.chance C.put up C.As with C.reward C.opportunity D.summed up D.As D.award D.probability

得分 Part V Translation （本大题共 30 分)

Directions: Translate the following passage from Chinese into English.. 注意： 此部分试题请在答题纸上作答，只需写出译文部分。

起初，这对人们绝对是个震惊。有消息称科学家已经成功克隆了一只成年哺乳动物，一项长期以来被认为是不可能的成就。这一传闻引发了每个人的想象。 克隆多莉（一只相貌无奇的绵羊）的实验过程，从理论上说也同样适用于克隆人类。一个克隆人的世界突然间近在咫尺，科幻小说变成了现实。

此消息宣布之后，为了一个未知世界，一个充满各种不可思议的可能性的未来，各国政府立即起草指导方针。克林顿总统命令一个全国委员会研究克隆在法律和道德上的含义。在欧洲，大多数国家都已禁止克隆人类，各国领导此时也开始研究克隆其他物种的道德含义。

就像相对论、原子裂变和第一次太空飞行一样，多莉的出现给科学家、政治家和哲学家们提出了一长串难以解答的难题。关于克隆的奇怪问题不断涌现。 首先，为什么有人想克隆人类?

专家们考虑得最多的关于克隆人类的情形可以分为两大类：1)父母想要克隆孩子，要么是想为面临死亡威胁的孩子提供移植器官，要么是想代替那个孩子；2)成年人出于各种各样的原因想要克隆自己。 是否可能克隆死去的人?

有位专家说，如果是刚死去不久，也许就可能。所使用的克隆方法要求将一个卵细胞和一个含有被克隆人的DNA的细胞核相结合。(DNA是一种含有我们的基因信息的狭长带状分子。这就意味着细胞核必须保持完整。而人死之后，细胞死亡，细胞核就开始分裂。但是，的确，至少从理论上说克隆死去的人是可能的。 克隆的人会和母本一模一样吗?

相同的基因不会复制出相同的人。任何认识一些双胞胎的人都知道这一点。事实上，双胞胎相像的程度胜于克隆人，因为他们至少在母体内分享过相同的环境，通常也在同一个家庭里被抚养长大，等等。父母可能克隆出一个面貌与第一个孩子相似的人，但是所有的证据都表明，这两个人的个性会有很大差异。一出生就

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被分开的双胞胎，有时可能有相同的个性特征，但是这样的特征出现在克隆的儿子或女儿身上，却只能令人想起失去的孩子。

即使从生物学的角度看，克隆人也不会和“母本”一模一样。比如，克隆人的细胞可能会有来自卵子而非被克隆人的能量加工机制。然而，在母体和克隆体之间存在的身体差异大部分都很小，需要在设备精良的实验室里才能测定。唯一可能的例外就是生育能力。成功地实施了克隆多莉的科学家们也不敢肯定多莉是否能生育。他们会等到多莉到了生育年龄时再确认这一点。 如果父母决定克隆一个孩子以获得器官，那会怎样?

多数专家都认为，如果一个孩子感到自己只是作为一个器官捐赠者来到这个世界，那他的心理可能受到伤害。但也有为了进行一些非致命器官的移植而生育第二个小孩的父母，对此许多专家也并不反对。克隆可以将组织适配率从25%提高到将近100%。

如果把被克隆的动物用作器官捐赠体，那我们就不必担心为器官移植而克隆双胞胎了。例如，猪的器官就和人类的差不多大小。但是人体会排斥并破坏来自其他物种的组织。为了克服这一障碍，一家公司正在试图改变猪的基因码，以避免猪的器官受到排斥。如果该公司的技术人员成功的话，那么用克隆技术来繁殖这样的猪比用现行的方法更为有效。 克隆的人将如何称呼其DNA捐赠者?

称呼“妈妈”不正确，因为提供卵子并生下婴孩的女子才更有资格被称为母亲。 称呼“爸爸”也不对。传统意义上的父亲只提供孩子身上一半的DNA。朱迪斯·马丁在用笔名“礼仪小姐”撰写的著作里建议这样称呼：“尊敬的先生/夫人”。为什么呢?“不论他们用什么方式将你带到这个世界，”她说，“人总得尊敬自己的祖先。”

这样做还是留下了一些词汇上的难题。一本词典的主编说，名词“被克隆者”听起来不错，但却不够明晰。他更愿意用“母本”和“副本”。 克隆对社会还有什么其他含义?

最让人担心的不是克隆本身，而是基因工程──即根据特定的要求故意改变基因来创造人类。具体地说，有些专家担心会出现一个新的（和不被尊重的）社会阶层，即“克隆阶层”。有位专家相信，这一情形类似于16世纪时的一种情况，当时的欧洲人对如何对美洲的陌生居民进行归类感到困惑，并无休止地争论他们究竟是不是人类。

问题不胜枚举，而人们只是刚刚开始探询克隆技术出现后的世界的未来。

华南农业大学期末考试试卷答题纸（选修课）

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2013-2014学年第一学期 考试科目：大学英语四级词汇精讲 考试类型：（闭卷） 考试时间： 90 分钟

学号： 姓名： 年级专业： _ Part I Part IIPart IIIPart IVPart VPart VI总分 题号 （15’） （10’） （10’+25’） （20’） （10’） （10’） 得分 评阅人 得分

Part I Collocation （本大题共 20小题，每小题 1 分，共20 分） 1._________ 2._________ 3.__________ 4._________ 5.____________ 6._________ 7._________ 8.__________ 9._________ 10.___________ 11.________ 12.________ 13._________ 14.________ 15.___________ 16.________ 17.________ 18._________ 19.________ 20.___________ 得分

Part II Paraphrase (本大题共 20 小题，每小题 1 分，共 20 分） 1._________ 2.__________ 3.__________ 4.__________ 5.___________ 6._________ 7.__________ 8.__________ 9.__________ 10.__________ 11.________ 12._________ 13._________ 14.__________ 15._________ 16.________ 17._________ 18._________ 19.__________ 20._________

得分 Part III Banked Cloze of Reading in Depth (本大题共 10 小题，每小题1分，共10分)

1.__________ 2.__________ 3.__________ 4._________ 5.___________.

6.._________ 7.__________ 8.__________ 9._________ 10.___________

得分

10

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