Closing in on a Short-Hard Burst Progenitor Constraints from Early-Time Optical Imaging and(3)

Themodeledburstingrateatredshiftz=0oflong-softburstsoutnumbersshort-hardburstsbyaboutafactorof3.5intheBATSEcatalog(Schmidt2001);thisassumesthesameburstingrateasafunctionofredshiftanddoesnotincludethee ectofbeaming,which,ifdi erentforlongandshortbursts,wouldimplythattheintrinsicrelativeratesdi erfromthoseobserved.WhileanumberofburstshavebeentriangulatedthroughtheInterplanetaryNetwork(seeHurleyetal.2005b)onroughlyday-longtimescales,therehasonlybeenonepreciselylocalizedshort-hardburstrelayedtogroundobserversinlessthan1hr(GRB050202/Swift:Tuelleretal.2005)1;owingtoitsproximitytotheSunattimeoflocalization,sparsegroundbasedfollowup

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