中国草原土壤呼吸作用研究进展(11)

鲍芳等: 中国草原土壤呼吸作用研究进展 719

土壤呼吸作用研究发展的方向。

4)草原土壤呼吸作用模拟模型研究。目前, 研究者通常利用土壤温度、土壤湿度或者两者的交互作用模拟土壤呼吸作用, 但是这些模型很难揭示土壤呼吸作用与其控制因子之间的时空变化规律(方精云和王娓, 2007)。为了提高模型模拟的准确性, 还需要考虑生物因子的影响(Raich & Tufekcioglu, 2000; Wan & Luo, 2003; Zhou et al., 2008a; 韩广轩和周广胜, 2009; Savage et al., 2009)。在全球变化的背景下, 综合考虑环境因子、生物因子及人为干扰对土壤呼吸作用的影响, 发展同时反映多时空尺度土壤呼吸作用异质性的模型是土壤呼吸作用模拟研究中的关键。

5)草原土壤呼吸作用的遥感监测评估研究。发展多时空尺度土壤呼吸作用模型必须要解决土壤呼吸作用测定结果的时空尺度转换问题, 虽然涡度相关技术可以直接测定不同时间尺度(从小时到数年)的生态系统碳通量的连续变化, 但其结果依然不能直接外推到区域或更大尺度上(严燕儿等, 2008)。遥感作为一种具有高时空分辨率的现代技术, 已经被广泛应用于生态学研究(Gilmanov et al., 2005), 为开展多尺度草原土壤呼吸作用长期定量观测提供了可能。建立土壤呼吸作用的遥感监测评估方法, 有助于实现中国草原土壤呼吸作用的快速和准确评估。

致谢 国家自然科学基金(90711001和30770413)和国家高科技研究发展计划项目(2006AA10Z225)共同资助。感谢中国科学院植物研究所隋兴华、胡天宇在作图过程中给予的大力帮助。 参考文献

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doi: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2010.06.011

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