Virginia Woolf(弗吉尼亚&183;伍尔芙)——阅读背景材料来自wikipedia(6)

well as emotional motives of characters. Woolf's reputation

declined sharply after World War II, but her eminence was

re-established with the surge of Feminist criticism in the

1970s.[13]

Her work was criticised for epitomizing the narrow world of

the upper-middle class English intelligentsia. Some critics

judged it to be lacking in universality and depth, without the

power to communicate anything of emotional or ethical

relevance to the disillusioned common reader, weary of the

1920s aesthetes. She was also criticized by some as an anti-Lytton Strachey and Woolf at semite, despite her being happily married to a Jewish man. Garsington, 1923.

[11] This anti-semitism is drawn from the fact that she often wrote

of Jewish characters in stereotypical archetypes and

generalizations, including describing some of her Jewish characters as physically repulsive and dirty.

[14] The overwhelming and rising 1920s and 30s anti-semitism possibly influenced Virginia Woolf. She wrote in her diary, "I do not like the Jewish voice; I donot like the Jewish laugh." However, in a 1930 letter to the composer, Ethel Smyth, quoted in Nigel Nicolson's biography,Virginia Woolf, she recollects her boasts of Leonard's Jewishness confirming her snobbish tendencies, "How I hated marrying a Jew- What a snob I was, for they have immense vitality."[15] In another letter to her dear friend Ethel Smyth, Virginia gives a scathing denunciation of Christianity, pointing to its self-

righteous "egotism" and stating "my Jew has more religion in one toe nail--more human love, in one hair."[16] Virginia and her husband Leonard Woolf actually hated and feared 1930s fascism with its anti-semitism knowing they were on Hitler's blacklist. Her 1938 book Three Guineas was an indictment of fascism.[17]

Virginia Woolf's peculiarities as a fiction writer have tended to obscure her central strength: Woolf is arguably the major lyrical novelist in the English language. Her novels are highly experimental: a narrative, frequently uneventful and commonplace, is refracted—and sometimes almost dissolved—in the characters' receptive consciousness. Intense lyricism and stylistic virtuosity fuse to create a world overabundant with auditory and visual impressions.[17]

The intensity of Virginia Woolf's poetic vision elevates the ordinary, sometimes banal settings - often wartime environments - of most of her novels. For example, Mrs Dalloway (1925) centres on the efforts of Clarissa Dalloway, a middle-aged society woman, to organize a party, even as her life is paralleled with that of Septimus Warren Smith, a working-class veteran who has returned from the First World War bearing deep psychological scars.[18]

To the Lighthouse (1927) is set on two days ten years apart. The plot centers around the Ramsay family's anticipation of and reflection upon a visit to a lighthouse and the connected familial tensions. One of the primary themes of the novel is the struggle in the creative process that beset painter Lily Briscoe while she struggles to paint in the midst of the family drama. The novel is also a

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