Bioprocess Technology- Fundamentals and Applications Chapt 4_Metabolic basis(2)

metabolism in the three individual compartments is regulated according to differentprinciples. It is important to understand the metabolic regulatory mechanisms since i) thesemechanisms must sometimes be circumvented to achieve overproduction of certainmetabolites, and ii) they furnish the basis for the microbial physiology which, in variousindirect ways, influence the performance of the whole process.4.2 Metabolic regulation

Figure 4.3 indicates the different regulatory principles within each metabolic compartment.These principles will be described in sections 4.3, 4.4 and 4.5. During growth, the metabolicactivities are regulated in a highly co-ordinated manner to ensure maximum economical useof substrates for maximum growth rates during the prevailing conditions. As visualised inFig. 4.3, it is the rate with which energy, precursors and building blocks flow through thesystem that determines the overall reaction rate (growth rate), which in turn is determined bythe growth rate supporting ability of the medium. Nature has evolved metabolic systems thatappear to have over capacity, in terms of enzyme capacity relative to substrate concentration.This means that the metabolic network often is subsaturated with substrate and responds to

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