年产24万吨甲醇合成工艺设计

年产24万吨甲醇合成工艺设计

The Design of 240,000 t/a Methanol Synthesis Process

目 录

摘要 ............................................................................................................................................ Ⅰ Abstract ..................................................................................................................................... Ⅱ 引言 ............................................................................................................................................... 1 第1章 甲醇的性质及其用途 .............................................................................................. 2

1.1 甲醇的性质 ...................................................................................................................... 2 1.1.1 甲醇的物理性质 ........................................................................................................... 2 1.1.2 甲醇的化学性质 ........................................................................................................... 2 1.2 甲醇的用途 ...................................................................................................................... 3 1.3 甲醇工业的现状及发展 .................................................................................................. 4 1.3.1全球甲醇工业现状及发展趋势 .................................................................................... 4 1.3.2 我国甲醇工业发展 ....................................................................................................... 5 1.3.3甲醇生产技术的发展 .................................................................................................... 6

第2章 甲醇合成工艺原理及方法 .................................................................................... 7

2.1 甲醇合成原理 .................................................................................................................. 8 2.2 甲醇合成反应热力学 ...................................................................................................... 8 2.3 甲醇的合成方法及流程 .................................................................................................. 8 2.3.1 木材干馏法 ................................................................................................................... 8 2.3.2 液相法制备甲醇 ........................................................................................................... 8 2.3.3 气相合成甲醇法 ........................................................................................................... 9

第3章 设计衡算和主要设备设计 .................................................................................. 12

3.1 物料衡算 ........................................................................................................................ 13 3.2 热量衡算 ........................................................................................................................ 20 3.3 主要设备选型及计算 .................................................................................................... 21 3.3.1 传热面积的确定 ......................................................................................................... 22 3.3.2 传热管数的确定 ......................................................................................................... 22 3.3.3 合成塔壳体内径的确定 ............................................................................................. 23 3.3.4 合成塔壳体厚度的确定 ............................................................................................. 23 3.3.5 合成塔封头的确定 ..................................................................................................... 23 3.3.6 折流板的确定 ............................................................................................................. 24 3.3.7 管板的确定 ................................................................................................................. 24 3.3.8 定距管的确定 ............................................................................................................. 24 3.3.9 支座的确定 ................................................................................................................. 24

结论 ............................................................................................................................................. 25 致谢 ............................................................................................................. 错误！未定义书签。 参考文献 ................................................................................................................................... 26

年产24万吨甲醇合成工艺设计

摘要：甲醇是一种极重要的有机化工原料，也是一种燃料，是碳一化学的基础产品，在国民经济中占有十分重要的地位。近年来，随着甲醇下属产品的开发，特别是甲醇燃料的推广应用，甲醇的需求大幅度上升。为了满足经济发展对甲醇的需求，开展了此24万t/a的甲醇项目。本设计介绍了甲醇生产方法中的木材干馏法，液相法和气相法中的高、中、低压法，从国内外现状考虑，本设计采用气相低压法。

本设计采用德国Lurgi公司的甲醇合成工艺，合成塔选用该工艺中管壳式合成塔，对合成工段进行了工艺计算，包括物料衡算及能量衡算；设备计算包括对合成塔设备选型及指标计算。

关键词：甲醇 合成 物料衡算 热量衡算 合成塔

The Design of 240,000 t/a Methanol Synthesis Process

Abstract:Methanol is an extremely important organic chemical raw materials,is also a fuel, it plays a very important position in the national economy.In recent years,with the development of affiliated products of Methanol,especially the use of Methanol fuel,the demand of Methanol is increasing quickly.In order to meet the needs of economic development for methanol,this project has been made.Lumber dry distillation,liquid phase method,gas phase method of methanol production have been introduced in this design.Considering from the situation at home and abroad, the gas phase low pressure method been has been used in this design.

Methanol synthesis process of Germany lurgi company has been used in my design,the synthesis tower of tubular has been chosen in this design,I have take the process of synthesis section in calculation,including material calculation and energy balance calculations;calculation of synthesis tower equipment including equipment selection and evaluation

Key words:Methanol;Synthesis;Material balance calculate;Heat balance calculate;Synthetic tower

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