Does Happiness Lead to Success幸福的人更容易成功吗(15)

积极心理学的实证研究告诉大家：积极情感的多方面作用,社交,婚姻,健康等。做一个积极向上的人吧

BENEFITSOFFREQUENTPOSITIVEAFFECT

811

Table1(continued)

Study

n

Happiness/PAmeasureSociabilityandactivity(continued)

Kashdan&Roberts,2004aKashdan&Roberts,2004aLu&Argyle,1991Lu&Argyle,1991Lucasetal.,2000Lucasetal.,2000Lucasetal.,2000

Lucas,2001a(dailystudy)Lucas,2001a(dailystudy)Lucas,2001a(dailystudy)Lucas,2001a(momentstudy)Lucas,2001a(momentstudy)Lyubomirskyetal.,inpressaLyubomirskyetal.,inpressaMatikka&Ojanen,inpressMatikka&Ojanen,inpressMishra,1992aMishra,1992a

Mishra,1992a

Schimmacketal.,2004a(StudySchimmacketal.,2004a(StudySchimmacketal.,2004a(StudySchimmacketal.,2004a(StudySchimmacketal.,2004a(StudyStones&Kozma,1986aWatson,1988a

Watsonetal.,1992a(Study1)Watsonetal.,1992a(Study2)Watsonetal.,1992a(Study1)Watsonetal.,1992a(Study2)Watsonetal.,1992a(Study2)

1)1)1)2)2)

1041041141145,8425,8425,84214414414412412462162137637672072072013613613612412440871851277996120

PANASPANAS

OxfordHappinessInventoryOxfordHappinessInventoryPANASPANASPANASPANASPANASPANAS

Timefelthappyandpleasant(%)Timefelthappyandpleasant(%)SHSSHS

Three-itemhappinessThree-itemhappinessIndexofLifeSatisfactionIndexofLifeSatisfactionIndexofLifeSatisfactionSWLSSWLSSWLSSWLSSWLSMUNSH

PositiveEmotionalityScale

PANAS(weekly,over13weeks)PANAS(daily,over6–7weeks)PANAS,extraversion,positivetemperamentPANAS,joviality

PANAS,extraversion,positivetemperament

Likeabilityandcooperation

Barsadeetal.,2000Barsadeetal.,2000Bell,1978

Berry&Hansen,1996a(Study1)Berry&Hansen,1996a(Study1)Diener&Fujita,1995aDiener&Fujita,1995aDiener&Fujita,1995aDiener&Fujita,1995aDiener&Fujita,1995aDiener&Fujita,1995aDiener&Fujita,1995aDiener&Fujita,1995aDiener&Fujita,1995aHarkerHarkerHarkerHarker

&&&&Keltner,Keltner,Keltner,Keltner,

2001a2001a2001a2001a

6220120112112186186186186186186186186186114114114114

MPQwell-beingMPQwell-being

PersonalFeelingsScalePANASPANAS

Delighted-TerribleScale,one-itemhappinessDelighted-TerribleScale,one-itemhappinessDelighted-TerribleScale,one-itemhappinessDelighted-TerribleScale,one-itemhappinessDelighted-TerribleScale,one-itemhappinessDelighted-TerribleScale,one-itemhappinessDelighted-TerribleScale,one-itemhappinessDelighted-TerribleScale,one-itemhappinessDelighted-TerribleScale,one-itemhappinessFACSDuchennesmileFACSDuchennesmileFACSDuchennesmileFACSDuchennesmile

Taskconflict

GroupcooperativenessLikeabilityasworkpartnerIntimacyofconversation

DegreeofdisclosureinconversationJudgedphysicalattractivenessJudgedintelligence/competenceJudgedsocialskills

JudgedpublicspeakingabilityJudgedself-confidenceJudgedassertiveness

JudgednumberofclosefriendsJudgedlikelihoodofhavingastrongromanticrelationship

Judgedlikelihoodofhavingfamilysupport

Observer-ratedaffiliation

Observer-ratednegativeemotionalityJudgedpositiveemotionalityJudgedcompetence

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