Does Happiness Lead to Success幸福的人更容易成功吗(2)

积极心理学的实证研究告诉大家：积极情感的多方面作用,社交,婚姻,健康等。做一个积极向上的人吧

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LYUBOMIRSKY,KING,ANDDIENER

valencedmoodsandemotionsleadpeopletothink,feel,andactinwaysthatpromotebothresourcebuildingandinvolvementwithapproachgoals(Elliot&Thrash,2002;Lyubomirsky,2001).Anindividualexperiencingapositivemoodoremotionisencounter-ingcircumstancesthatheorsheinterpretsasdesirable.Positiveemotionssignifythatlifeisgoingwell,theperson’sgoalsarebeingmet,andresourcesareadequate(e.g.,Cantoretal.,1991;Carver&Scheier,1998;Clore,Wyer,Dienes,Gasper,&Isbell,2001).Inthesecircumstances,asFredrickson(1998,2001)hassolucidlydescribed,peopleareideallysituatedto“broadenandbuild.”Inotherwords,becauseallisgoingwell,individualscanexpandtheirresourcesandfriendships;theycantaketheoppor-tunitytobuildtheirrepertoireofskillsforfutureuse;ortheycanrestandrelaxtorebuildtheirenergyafterexpendinghighlevelsofeffort.Fredrickson’smodel(Fredrickson,2001)suggeststhatacriticaladaptivepurposeofpositiveemotionsistohelppreparetheorganismforfuturechallenges.FollowingFredrickson,wesuggestthatpeopleexperiencingpositiveemotionstakeadvantageoftheirtimeinthisstate—freefromimmediatedangerandunmarkedbyrecentloss—toseeknewgoalsthattheyhavenotyetattained(seeCarver,2003,forarelatedreview).

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