Does Happiness Lead to Success幸福的人更容易成功吗(8)

积极心理学的实证研究告诉大家：积极情感的多方面作用,社交,婚姻,健康等。做一个积极向上的人吧

BENEFITSOFFREQUENTPOSITIVEAFFECT

807

Table1

StudyInformationandEffectSizesforNineCategoriesofCross-SectionalResearch

Study

n

Happiness/PAmeasure

Worklife

Crede´etal.,2005Crede´etal.,2005Crede´etal.,2005

Cropanzano&Wright,1999a

(firstassessment)

Cropanzano&Wright,1999a

(secondassessment)DeLuga&Mason,2000Donovan,2000Donovan,2000Donovan,2000Donovan,2000Donovan,2000Fosteretal.,2004Fosteretal.,2004Frischetal.,2004George,1989George,1995George,1995

Grahametal.,inpressa(1995assessment)Grahametal.,inpressa(2000assessment)Howelletal.,inpressJundt&Hinsz,2001Kruegeretal.,2001aLucasetal.,2004

Magen&Aharoni,1991aMagen&Aharoni,1991aMilesetal.,2002

Seligman&Schulman,1986a(Study1)Staw&Barsade,1993aStawetal.,1994aStawetal.,1994aStawetal.,1994aThoits&Hewitt,2001aTotterdell,2000*

VanKatwyketal.,2000a(Study3)VanKatwyketal.,2000a(Study3)Weissetal.,1999a

Wright&Cropanzano,1998Wright&Cropanzano,2000(Study1)

Wright&Cropanzano,2000(Study2)Wright&Staw,1999a(Study1,secondassessment)

Wright&Staw,1999a(Study2,firstassessment)

Wright&Staw,1999a(Study2,secondassessment)

95995995960609218818818818818841413,63825453534,5245,13430716439724,000260260203

94832722722723,6171711111124524737456264

PANASPANASPANAS

IndexofPsychologicalWell-BeingIndexofPsychologicalWell-BeingAffectometer2

CurrentMoodReportCurrentMoodReportCurrentMoodReportCurrentMoodReportCurrentMoodReportJobAffectScaleJobAffectScale

QualityofLifeInventoryJobAffectScalePANAS(leader)

PANAS(aggregatedgroup)One-itemhappinessOne-itemhappinessSWLS

Seven-pointsemanticdifferentialsMPQpositiveemotionalityOne-itemhappiness

Four-itempositiveaffectFour-itempositiveaffect

Job-RelatedAffectiveWell-BeingScale

AttributionalStyleQuestionnaireThree-measurecompositeofpositiveaffectivity

ExperienceandexpressionofpositiveemotiononthejobExperienceandexpressionofpositiveemotiononthejobExperienceandexpressionofpositiveemotiononthejobOne-itemhappiness

One-itemhappiness(12timesover4days)PANASPANAS

FordyceHMScalePANAS

IndexofPsychologicalWell-BeingIndexofPsychologicalWell-BeingIndexofPsychologicalWell-BeingIndexofPsychologicalWell-BeingIndexofPsychologicalWell-Being

Socialrelationships

Baldassareetal.,1984Baldassareetal.,1984Baldassareetal.,1984Berry&Willingham,1997

Cooperetal.,1992a(Study1&Study2)Cooperetal.,1992a(Study2)

202202202127118118

Four-itemhappinessFour-itemhappinessFour-itemhappinessPANASSWLSSWLS

InstrumentalsupportEmotionalsupportCompanionship

CommitmenttocurrentrelationshipSatisfactionwithfriends

Satisfactionwithsocialactivities

.17.15.30.27.31.37

(tablecontinues)

OrganizationalcitizenshipbehaviorCounterproductiveworkbehaviorJobwithdrawal

SupervisoryevaluationsSupervisoryevaluations

Jobperformance

OrganizationalcitizenshipbehaviorTurnoverintentionsWorkwithdrawal

OrganizationalretaliatorybehaviorSatisfactionwithwork

OrganizationalclimateforperformanceEmployeehealthandwell-beingAcademicretentionabsenteeismJudgedcustomerserviceJudgedcustomerserviceIncomeIncome

MaterialwealthTaskperformanceSelf-reportedaltruismIncome

Transpersonalcommitment

InvolvementincommunityserviceOrganizationalcitizenshipbehaviorQuarterlyinsurancecommissionsJudgedmanagerialperformanceJobautonomy,meaning,andvarietyGrossannualsalary

Supervisoryevaluations(creativity)TimespentvolunteeringCricketbattingaverageInterpersonalconflictIntentiontoquitJobsatisfaction

EmotionalexhaustionJobperformanceSupervisoryevaluationsSupervisoryevaluationsSupervisoryevaluationsSupervisoryevaluations

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